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  Advantage of mobile phones? Mobile phones have become an essential part of modern life. They are not only used for making calls and sending text messages, but also for various other purposes. Here are some of the most common uses of mobile phones: 1. Communication: The primary use of mobile phones is to communicate with others. They allow people to make calls, send text messages, and use various messaging apps to stay in touch with friends, family, and colleagues. 2. Internet access: Mobile phones provide access to the internet, allowing people to browse websites, check social media, and access various online services. 3. Entertainment: Mobile phones are also used for entertainment purposes. They can be used to play games, watch videos, listen to music, and read books. 4. Navigation: Mobile phones have GPS technology, which allows people to use maps and navigation apps to find their way around. 5. Productivity: Mobile phones are used for various productivity purposes. They can be...

 Meditation is the practice of focusing one's attention on a particular object, thought, or activity to achieve a state of mental clarity and emotional calmness. Music can be a helpful tool to aid in meditation by providing a soothing and relaxing sound to help quiet the mind and facilitate a deeper state of meditation.  There are many different types of meditation and music can be tailored to fit the specific practice. For example, chanting and mantras may be used in some types of meditation, while instrumental music with no lyrics may be preferred in others.  If you are interested in using music for your meditation practice, consider finding a quiet and comfortable space, selecting music that resonates with you, and setting a timer to ensure you have a designated meditation time. You may also consider using headphones to help block out any external distractions.

 I  regret to say,’ wrote Raja Rammohan Roy in 1828, ‘that the present system of religion adhered to by the Hindus is not well calculated to promote their political interest. The distinctions of castes introducing innumerable divisions and sub-divisions among them has entirely deprived them of patriotic feeling, and the multitude of religious rites and ceremonies and the laws of purification have totally disqualified them from undertaking any difficult enterprise. It is, I think, necessary that some change should take place in their religion at least for the sake of their political advantage and social comfort.” Written at a time when Indians had just begun to experience the ‘intellectual and cultural turmoil that characterized social life in nineteenth century India this represented the immediate Indian response. The British conquest and the consequent dissemination of colonial culture and ideology had led to an inevitable introspection about the strengths and weaknesses of i...

 The outbreak of the First World War in 1914 gave a new lease of life to the nationalist movement which had been dormant since the heady days of the Swadeshi Movement. Britain’s difficulty was India’s ‘opportunity.’ This opportunity was seized, in different ways arid with varying success, by the Ghadar revolutionaries based in North America and by Lokamanya Tilak, Annie Besant and their Home Rule Leagues in India. The Ghadarites attempted a violent overthrow of British rule, while the Home Rule Leaguers launched a nation-wide agitation for securing Home Rule or Swaraj. The West Coast of North America had, since 1904, become home to a steadily increasing number of Punjabi immigrants. Many of these were land-hungry peasants from the crowded areas of Punjab, especially the Jullundur and Hoshiarpur districts, in search of some means of survival. Some of them came straight from their villages in Punjab while others had emigrated earlier to seek employment in various place...

 With the start of the Swadeshi Movement at the turn of the century, the Indian national movement took a major leap forward. Women, students and a large section of the urban and rural population of Bengal and other parts of India became actively involved in politics for the first time. The next half a decade saw the emergence of almost all the major political trends of the Indian national movement. From conservative moderation to political extremism, from terrorism to incipient socialism, from petitioning and public speeches to passive resistance and boycott, all had their origins in the movement. The richness of the movement was not confined to politics alone. The period saw a breakthrough in Indian ã1 literature, music, science and industry. Indian society, as a ‘hole, was experimenting and the creativity of the people expanded in every direction. * The Swadeshi Movement had its genesis in the anti￾partition movement which was started to oppose the British decision...

 Legislative Councils in India had no real official power till 1920. Yet, work done in them by the nationalists helped the growth of the national movement. The Indian Councils Act of 1861 enlarged the Governor￾General’s Executive Council for the purpose of making laws. The Governor-General could now add from six to twelve members to the Executive Council. At least half of these nominations had to be non-officials, Indian or British. This council came to be known as the Imperial Legislative Council. It possessed no powers at all. It could not discuss the budget or a financial measure or any other important bill without the previous approval of the Government. It could not discuss the actions of the administration. It could not, therefore, be seen as some kind of parliament, even of the most elementary kind. As if to underline this fact, the Council met, on an average, for only twenty-five days in a year till 1892. The Government of India remained, as before 1858, an a...